Real Talk Episode 48: AI Tokens and the Battle for Accountability

In this episode of Real Talk, hosts Scot Morris, OD, and Rehan Ahmed, MD, break down the fundamental building blocks of AI and dive into the complex legal questions surrounding its use in healthcare.

 

  • Understanding Tokens: The hosts demystify “tokens,” explaining that AI models do not read entire words or languages but instead process “fragments” of text or images.
  • The Cost of AI: They discuss how tokenization impacts everything from the accuracy of medical terminology to the pricing structures for developers and eventually, end users.
  • High-Stakes Accountability: The pair explore the legal “black box” of AI in medicine: who is responsible when AI makes a mistake—the developer, the health system or the clinician?
  • Superhuman Challenges: The discussion highlights the unique risks of “superhuman” AI systems, such as algorithms that predict cardiovascular disease from retinal photos, where there is no human equivalent for oversight.
  • The Future of Care: The hosts debate whether the “standard of care” will eventually be redefined to require the use of AI, and how insurance companies might use their own AI to deny claims.

 

Listen to the full episode here:

 

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